This is an article that provides specific details on Minotaur ransomware infection as well as a step-by-step removal and data recovery guide.
The recently detected Minotaur ransomware invades computer systems with the purpose to encrypt valuable files and extort ransom from infected users. For data encryption stage it utilizes a symmetric block cipher algorithm called AES. After it transforms the code of target files and generates a possibly working decryption key, the ransomware marks corrupted files with .Lock extension. Currently, hackers demand a ransom of 0.125 BTC for the decryption key they possess. To extort victims the ransomware drops ransom note file called How To Decrypt Files.txt.
Threat Summary
| Name | Minotaur |
| Type | Ransomware, Cryptovirus |
| Short Description | A data locker ransomware that utilizes AES cihper algorithm to encrypt valuable files on stored on the infected computer and demands a ransom for thier decryption. |
| Symptoms | Important files are corrupted and renamed with .Lock extension. A ransom message demands ransom payment (0.125 BTC). |
| Distribution Method | Spam Emails, Email Attachments |
| Detection Tool |
See If Your System Has Been Affected by malware
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Malware Removal Tool
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User Experience | Join Our Forum to Discuss Minotaur. |
| Data Recovery Tool | Windows Data Recovery by Stellar Phoenix Notice! This product scans your drive sectors to recover lost files and it may not recover 100% of the encrypted files, but only few of them, depending on the situation and whether or not you have reformatted your drive. |
Minotaur Ransomware – Distribution
The spread of Minotaur ransomware across the web could happen with the help of common distribution techniques such as massive spam email campaigns, URLs of corrupted web pages, compromised freeware installers, fake software updates notifications and other.
Among all of the mentioned spread techniques, the most popular one remains malwspam. Hackers prefer it due to several factors. The first one is the convenient option for them to spoof email addresses and senders so that users could be misled to open them and interact with the provided content. The second factor is the chance for uploading their malicious ransomware payload as an email attachment. With an appropriate text message, they could attempt to trick users to download the attached file and start it on their devices. Malicious email attachments are usually presented as:
- Invoices
- Tax receipts
- Delivery notes
- And some kind of legal statements
However, since these files contain the malicious code of Minotaur they trigger the ransomware soon after users open them on their devices. Another advantage associated with this spread channel is the possibility of adding a link in the email text message. Once followed this link could load a corrupted web page that is set to activate specific scripts and download the ransomware directly on the computer.
Combined all these factors provide for the desired efficiency. This in turn makes this spread technique the most preferred by cyber criminals. So it is highly possible that hackers behind Minotaur ransomware could be using it as well.
As identified by security experts malvertising campaigns that lead to fake dating website domain of which starts with datingittlive are also used for the distribution of Minotaur ransomware. Infected websites were detected to activate the Fallout EK that in turn infects target systems with Minotaur. According to recent reports the same exploit kit was also part of the spread campaigns of the infamous GandCrab ransomware.
Minotaur Ransomware – Overview
An infection with Minotaur ransomware begins with the execution of a file of the same name – Minotaur.exe. This file is designed to access certain system directories and components in order to implement changes that will lead to a successful attack.
At first, the ransomware is likely to drop or create several malicious files placing them of system directories like:
- %AppData%
- %Local%
- %LocalLow%
- %Roaming%
- %Temp%
- %Windows%
Once is establishes all needed malicious files it could start manipulating various system functionalities in order to evade active security detection tools and continue with the completion of all remaining infection stages. The Registry Editor is likely to be among the affected system components due to the fact that it stores all essential system settings as well as user preferences.
By adding malicious values under the registry sub-keys Run and RunOnce, Minotaur ransomware could become able to load its infection files on each system start. As these keys manage the automatic execution of all files and services that support the regular system performance, the crypto virus could manipulate their functionalities when it’s time for its ransom note to appear on the screen.
The ransom message dropped by Minotaur is contained in a text file called How To Decrypt Files.txt. As revealed by the analysis of its samples, the message informs the following:
—————————————————————————————-
(KEY) : J3oLtCrE14ELmziDhz1lPgRMxBvcPiW01t4eI63Ffk8kqMaL7SSRrI***
(EMAIL) : minotaur0428blaze.it
—————————————————————————————-
ALL YOUR FILES ARE ENCRYPTED BY (MINOTAUR) RANSOMWARE!
—————————————————————————————-
FOR DECRYPT YOUR FILES NEED TO PAY US A (0.125 BTC)!
—————————————————————————————-
FILES ARE ENCRYPTED BY (MINOTAUR) RANSOMWARE!
—————————————————————————————-
Minotaur Ransomware – Encryption Process
Like all other data locker ransomware Minotaur ransomware has the primary purpose to encrypt predefined types of files. This process happens with the help of strong symmetric cipher algorithm called AES. Once it transforms the original code of target files, the ransomware marks them with the extension .Lock.
Unfortunately, all files that store valuable data are likely to be mentioned in the encryption module of Minotaur ransomware. So in case of infection with this crypto virus users could not be able to access their:
- Audio files
- Video files
- Document files
- Image files
- Backup files
- Banking credentials, etc
Following encryption, the ransomware generates unique decryption key that that could possibly restore .Lock files. This key could be either stored somewhere on the infected device or transferred to a hackers’ controlled server. Either way hackers attempt to blackmail infected users into paying a ransom of 0.125 BTC for their encrypted files. Since there is no evidence that Minotaur’s code is fully functional there is no guarantee that they keys it generates are capable of decoding .Lock files. So the help of alternative data recovery tools is much better option than ransom payment.
Remove Minotaur Ransomware and Restore .Lock Files
Below you could find how a step-by-step removal guide that may be helpful in attempting to remove Minotaur ransomware. The manual removal approach demands practice in recognizing traits of malware files. Beware that ransomware is a threat with highly complex code that plagues not only your files but your whole system. So it should be secured properly before it could be used regularly again.
For alternative data recovery methods make sure to read thoroughly the information under “Restore Files” step form our guide. Beware that before recovery process you should back up all encrypted files to an external drive in order to prevent their irreversible loss.
Gergana Ivanova
Highly motivated writer with 5+ years of experience writing for ransomware, malware, adware, PUPs, and other cybersecurity-related issues. As a writer, I strive to create content that is based on thorough technical research. I find joy in the process of creating articles that are easy to understand, informative, and useful. Follow me on Twitter (@IRGergana) for the latest in the field of computer, mobile, and online security.
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Step 1: Scan for Minotaur with SpyHunter Anti-Malware Tool
Ransomware Automatic Removal - Video Guide
Step 2: Uninstall Minotaur and related malware from Windows
Here is a method in few easy steps that should be able to uninstall most programs. No matter if you are using Windows 10, 8, 7, Vista or XP, those steps will get the job done. Dragging the program or its folder to the recycle bin can be a very bad decision. If you do that, bits and pieces of the program are left behind, and that can lead to unstable work of your PC, errors with the file type associations and other unpleasant activities. The proper way to get a program off your computer is to Uninstall it. To do that:
Follow the instructions above and you will successfully delete most unwanted and malicious programs.
Step 3: Clean any registries, created by Minotaur on your computer.
The usually targeted registries of Windows machines are the following:
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
- HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce
- HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce
You can access them by opening the Windows registry editor and deleting any values, created by Minotaur there. This can happen by following the steps underneath:
Tip: To find a virus-created value, you can right-click on it and click "Modify" to see which file it is set to run. If this is the virus file location, remove the value.
Before starting "Step 4", please boot back into Normal mode, in case you are currently in Safe Mode.
This will enable you to install and use SpyHunter 5 successfully.
Step 4: Boot Your PC In Safe Mode to isolate and remove Minotaur
Step 5: Try to Restore Files Encrypted by Minotaur.
Method 1: Use STOP Decrypter by Emsisoft.
Not all variants of this ransomware can be decrypted for free, but we have added the decryptor used by researchers that is often updated with the variants which become eventually decrypted. You can try and decrypt your files using the instructions below, but if they do not work, then unfortunately your variant of the ransomware virus is not decryptable.
Follow the instructions below to use the Emsisoft decrypter and decrypt your files for free. You can download the Emsisoft decryption tool linked here and then follow the steps provided below:
1 Right-click on the decrypter and click on Run as Administrator as shown below:
2. Agree with the license terms:
3. Click on "Add Folder" and then add the folders where you want files decrypted as shown underneath:
4. Click on "Decrypt" and wait for your files to be decoded.
Note: Credit for the decryptor goes to Emsisoft researchers who have made the breakthrough with this virus.
Method 2: Use data recovery software
Ransomware infections and Minotaur aim to encrypt your files using an encryption algorithm which may be very difficult to decrypt. This is why we have suggested a data recovery method that may help you go around direct decryption and try to restore your files. Bear in mind that this method may not be 100% effective but may also help you a little or a lot in different situations.
Simply click on the link and on the website menus on the top, choose Data Recovery - Data Recovery Wizard for Windows or Mac (depending on your OS), and then download and run the tool.
Minotaur-FAQ
What is Minotaur Ransomware?
Minotaur is a ransomware infection - the malicious software that enters your computer silently and blocks either access to the computer itself or encrypt your files.
Many ransomware viruses use sophisticated encryption algorithms to make your files inaccessible. The goal of ransomware infections is to demand that you pay a ransom payment to get access to your files back.
What Does Minotaur Ransomware Do?
Ransomware in general is a malicious software that is designed to block access to your computer or files until a ransom is paid.
Ransomware viruses can also damage your system, corrupt data and delete files, resulting in the permanent loss of important files.
How Does Minotaur Infect?
Via several ways.Minotaur Ransomware infects computers by being sent via phishing emails, containing virus attachment. This attachment is usually masked as an important document, like an invoice, bank document or even a plane ticket and it looks very convincing to users.
Another way you may become a victim of Minotaur is if you download a fake installer, crack or patch from a low reputation website or if you click on a virus link. Many users report getting a ransomware infection by downloading torrents.
How to Open .Minotaur files?
You can't without a decryptor. At this point, the .Minotaur files are encrypted. You can only open them once they are decrypted using a specific decryption key for the particular algorithm.
What to Do If a Decryptor Does Not Work?
Do not panic, and backup the files. If a decryptor did not decrypt your .Minotaur files successfully, then do not despair, because this virus is still new.
Can I Restore ".Minotaur" Files?
Yes, sometimes files can be restored. We have suggested several file recovery methods that could work if you want to restore .Minotaur files.
These methods are in no way 100% guaranteed that you will be able to get your files back. But if you have a backup, your chances of success are much greater.
How To Get Rid of Minotaur Virus?
The safest way and the most efficient one for the removal of this ransomware infection is the use a professional anti-malware program.
It will scan for and locate Minotaur ransomware and then remove it without causing any additional harm to your important .Minotaur files.
Can I Report Ransomware to Authorities?
In case your computer got infected with a ransomware infection, you can report it to the local Police departments. It can help authorities worldwide track and determine the perpetrators behind the virus that has infected your computer.
Below, we have prepared a list with government websites, where you can file a report in case you are a victim of a cybercrime:
Cyber-security authorities, responsible for handling ransomware attack reports in different regions all over the world:
Germany - Offizielles Portal der deutschen Polizei
United States - IC3 Internet Crime Complaint Centre
United Kingdom - Action Fraud Police
France - Ministère de l'Intérieur
Italy - Polizia Di Stato
Spain - Policía Nacional
Netherlands - Politie
Poland - Policja
Portugal - Polícia Judiciária
Greece - Cyber Crime Unit (Hellenic Police)
India - Mumbai Police - CyberCrime Investigation Cell
Australia - Australian High Tech Crime Center
Reports may be responded to in different timeframes, depending on your local authorities.
Can You Stop Ransomware from Encrypting Your Files?
Yes, you can prevent ransomware. The best way to do this is to ensure your computer system is updated with the latest security patches, use a reputable anti-malware program and firewall, backup your important files frequently, and avoid clicking on malicious links or downloading unknown files.
Can Minotaur Ransomware Steal Your Data?
Yes, in most cases ransomware will steal your information. It is a form of malware that steals data from a user's computer, encrypts it, and then demands a ransom in order to decrypt it.
In many cases, the malware authors or attackers will threaten to delete the data or publish it online unless the ransom is paid.
Can Ransomware Infect WiFi?
Yes, ransomware can infect WiFi networks, as malicious actors can use it to gain control of the network, steal confidential data, and lock out users. If a ransomware attack is successful, it could lead to a loss of service and/or data, and in some cases, financial losses.
Should I Pay Ransomware?
No, you should not pay ransomware extortionists. Paying them only encourages criminals and does not guarantee that the files or data will be restored. The better approach is to have a secure backup of important data and be vigilant about security in the first place.
What Happens If I Don't Pay Ransom?
If you don't pay the ransom, the hackers may still have access to your computer, data, or files and may continue to threaten to expose or delete them, or even use them to commit cybercrimes. In some cases, they may even continue to demand additional ransom payments.
Can a Ransomware Attack Be Detected?
Yes, ransomware can be detected. Anti-malware software and other advanced security tools can detect ransomware and alert the user when it is present on a machine.
It is important to stay up-to-date on the latest security measures and to keep security software updated to ensure ransomware can be detected and prevented.
Do Ransomware Criminals Get Caught?
Yes, ransomware criminals do get caught. Law enforcement agencies, such as the FBI, Interpol and others have been successful in tracking down and prosecuting ransomware criminals in the US and other countries. As ransomware threats continue to increase, so does the enforcement activity.
About the Minotaur Research
The content we publish on SensorsTechForum.com, this Minotaur how-to removal guide included, is the outcome of extensive research, hard work and our team’s devotion to help you remove the specific malware and restore your encrypted files.
How did we conduct the research on this ransomware?
Our research is based on an independent investigation. We are in contact with independent security researchers, and as such, we receive daily updates on the latest malware and ransomware definitions.
Furthermore, the research behind the Minotaur ransomware threat is backed with VirusTotal and the NoMoreRansom project.
To better understand the ransomware threat, please refer to the following articles which provide knowledgeable details.
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- Always check "About Us" web page.
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